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How much CWNA® - Certified Wireless Network Administrator Cost
The cost of the CWNA® - Certified Wireless Network Administrator is $150. For more information related to exam price, please visit the official website as the cost of exams may be subjected to vary county-wise.
The CWNA-108 certification is recognized globally and is highly valued in the wireless networking industry. It is a popular certification for wireless network professionals, including network administrators, network engineers, and wireless network technicians. CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Exam certification demonstrates the candidate's ability to design, install, configure, and troubleshoot wireless networks and provides them with the skills they need to advance their careers. With the growing demand for wireless networks, the CWNA-108 certification is an excellent choice for professionals seeking to improve their skills and knowledge in this area.
Understanding functional and technical aspects of CWNA® - Certified Wireless Network Administrator Business Principles and Practices
The following will be discussed in CWNP CWNA-108 exam dumps:
- Extended Service Set (ESS)
- MAC frame format
- Design considerations for video
- Wireless network management systems
- Explain 802.11 MAC operations
- Control
- Authentication services (e.g. RADIUS, LDAP)
- AirTime Fairness
- BSSID
- BSS selection
- Scanning (active and passive)
- Connecting to 802.1X/EAP and Pre-Shared Key authentication networks
- Design considerations for voice
- Identify and explain the purpose of the three main 802.11 frame types
- Describe features of, select, and install WLAN devices, control, and management systems
- Determine and configure required network services supporting the wireless network
- PHY preamble and header
- Roaming
- Wireless bridge and mesh APs
- RTS/CTS
- Data
- MSDU, MPDU, PSDU, and PPDU
- Describe design considerations for common deployment scenarios in wireless such as coverage requirements, roaming considerations, throughput, capacity and security
- DHCP for client addressing, AP addressing and/or controller discovery
- Hidden node
- Design considerations for supporting legacy 802.11 devices
- EDCA
- NAV
- Design considerations for highly mobile devices (e.g. tablets and smartphones)
- Time synchronization protocols (e.g. NTP, SNTP)
- IBSS (Ad-Hoc)
- Management
- Client devices
- Explain 802.11 channel access methods
- Dynamic power and channel management features
- Demonstrate awareness of common proprietary features in wireless networks
- Connecting to hidden SSIDs
- Identify and explain the MAC frame format
- Design considerations for location services including Real-Time Location Services (RTLS)
- Distribution System Media (DSM)
NEW QUESTION # 68
AP-1 is a 3x3:2 AP. STA-3 is a 3x3:3 client. What is the maximum number of spatial streams that can be used for a downlink HT-OFDM transmission from AP-1 to STA-3?
- A. One spatial stream, because the definition of the AP indicates that it is capable of only one spatial stream.
- B. Three spatial streams, because the definition of the client indicates that it is capable of only three spatial streams.
- C. Two spatial streams, because the definition of the AP indicates that it is capable of only two spatial streams.
- D. Three spatial streams, because the definition of the AP indicates that it is capable of only three spatial streams.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 69
In a mesh BSS (MBSS), according to the 802.11-2016 standard, what device connect the mesh to an Ethernet network?
- A. Mesh Router
- B. Mesh Switch
- C. Mesh Gate
- D. Mesh Portal
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 70
In a mesh BSS (MBSS), according to the 802.11-2016 standard, what device connect the mesh to an Ethernet network?
- A. Mesh Router
- B. Mesh Switch
- C. Mesh Gate
- D. Mesh Portal
Answer: D
Explanation:
The function of an AP that performs this translation between the wireless network and the wired network (as with M and P) is called the portal. The portal is a function. It is just the logical point where wireless MSDUs are translated to and from a non-802.11 network (802.11-2007, def 3.39 and 3.110). An AP commonly performs the portal function. M, and P are APs and portals.
https://www.cwnp.com/uploads/802-11s_mesh_networking_v1-0.pdf
https://s2.smu.edu/~camp/pubs/mesh80211s.pdf
NEW QUESTION # 71
Which one of the following 802.11 PHYs is more likely to be used in an industrial deployment but not likely to be used in standard office deployments?
- A. VHT
- B. HT
- C. OFDM
- D. S1G
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
S1G is one of the 802.11 PHYs that is more likely to be used in an industrial deployment but not likely to be used in standard office deployments. This is because S1G stands for Sub-1 GHz, which means it operates in the frequency bands below 1 GHz, such as 900 MHz and 868 MHz. These bands offer better penetration and range than the higher frequency bands used by other 802.11 PHYs, such as 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. This makes S1G suitable for industrial applications that require robust and reliable wireless communication in harsh environments, such as factories, warehouses, mines, and smart grids. S1G also supports low-power and low-data-rate devices, such as sensors, actuators, and meters, which are common in industrial Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios. VHT, OFDM, and HT are other 802.11 PHYs that are more commonly used in standard office deployments, as they offer higher data rates and capacity than S1G, but have lower range and penetration. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 3: Radio Frequency Technologies, page 751
NEW QUESTION # 72
What statement about 802.11 WLAN bridges is true?
- A. WLAN bridges only work in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and they support only SISO communications
- B. WLAN bridges must use a channel with acceptable SNR at both transceivers to maintain the desired data rate bi-directionally
- C. WLAN bridges must be implemented such that no interference occurs on the channel anywhere between the two endpoints used to establish the bridge
- D. WLAN bridges may support MIMO communication, but only if used in the GHz frequency band
Answer: D
Explanation:
https://www.apm.com.tw/mimo-300mbps-outdoor-bridge-2-4ghz-ape-2405mm8.html WiGig Is 802.11ad and 802.11ay WiGig transmits data wirelessly on the 60 GHz frequency published in 2012, uses the 802.11ad standard offer 5Gbps at up to 10 meters release in 2019, 802.11ay is scheduled for release in
2019 offering 10Gbps at up to 100 meters
Wifi 6
802.11ax,
https://www.cnet.com/home/internet/wi-fi-6-and-what-it-means-for-you-wifi-routers/ WPA3 WPA3 standard also replaces the pre-shared key (PSK) exchange with Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) WPA3 The new standard uses an equivalent 192-bit cryptographic strength in WPA3-Enterprise mode Protection of management frames as specified in the IEEE 802.11w amendment is also enforced by the WPA3 specifications.
NEW QUESTION # 73
You are attempting to explain RF shadow and how it can cause lack of coverage. What common building item frequently causes RF shadow and must be accounted for in coverage plans?
- A. Carpeted floors
- B. Wooden doors
- C. Elevators
- D. Cubicle partitions
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Elevators are a common building item that frequently causes RF shadow and must be accounted for in coverage plans. RF shadow is a term that describes an area where wireless signals are blocked or significantly weakened by an obstacle or an object that absorbs or reflects RF energy. RF shadow can cause lack of coverage or poor performance in a WLAN because wireless devices in those areas may not be able to communicate with access points or other devices. RF shadow can be mitigated by adjusting access point placement, antenna orientation, transmit power level, or channel selection to avoid or overcome the obstacle or object that causes it. Elevators are a common building item that frequently causes RF shadow because they are made of metal and they move up and down within a shaft. Metal is a material that has high attenuation and reflection values, which means it can block or bounce off wireless signals very effectively. A moving elevator can create dynamic RF shadow that changes depending on its position and direction. Therefore, elevators must be accounted for in coverage plans to ensure adequate WLAN coverage and performance throughout the facility. The other options are not common building items that frequently cause RF shadow or must be accounted for in coverage plans. Wooden doors are not likely to cause RF shadow because they are made of wood, which is a material that has low attenuation and reflection values, which means it can pass through or slightly weaken wireless signals. Carpeted floors are not likely to cause RF shadow because they are made of fabric, which is a material that has low attenuation and reflection values, which means it can pass through or slightly weaken wireless signals. Cubicle partitions are not likely to cause RF shadow because they are made of thin plastic or cardboard, which are materials that have low attenuation and reflection values, which means they can pass through or slightly weaken wireless signals. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 13:
Wireless LAN Site Surveys - Types & Processes , page 433
NEW QUESTION # 74
When compared with legacy Power Save mode, how does VHT TXOP power save improve battery life for devices on a WLAN?
- A. VHT TXOP power save allows the WLAN transceiver to disable more components when in a low power state.
- B. VHT TXOP power save allows stations to enter sleep mode and legacy Power Save does not.
- C. Legacy Power Save mode was removed in the 802.11ac amendment.
- D. VHT TXOP power save uses the partial AID in the preamble to allow clients to identify frames targeted for them.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 75
The BSA of an AP covers the area used by the sales and marketing department. Thirty-five stations operate in this space. The users indicate that they need more throughput and all stations are 5 GHz capable 802.11ac clients. The current AP configuration uses 20 MHz channels in both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. What is the least expensive solution available for increasing throughput for these users without implementing configuration options that are not recommended?
- A. Use a 40 MHz channel on the 2.4 GHz radio
- B. Use a 40 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio
- C. Use a 160 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio
- D. Install a second AP in the coverage area
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The least expensive solution available for increasing throughput for these users without implementing configuration options that are not recommended is to use a 40 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio. This solution can double the channel bandwidth and increase the data rates for the 5 GHz capable 802.11ac clients. Using a
40 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio is also less likely to cause co-channel interference or overlap with other channels than using a 40 MHz channel on the 2.4 GHz radio, which has only three non-overlapping channels.
Using a 160 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio may provide even higher throughput, but it may also consume too much of the available spectrum and cause more interference with other devices or networks. Installing a second AP in the coverage area may also improve the throughput, but it may require additional costs and configuration. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-107], page 216; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-106], page 206.
NEW QUESTION # 76
Which IEEE 802.11 physical layer (PHY) specification includes support for and compatibility with both ERP and HR/DSSS?
- A. OFDM (802.11a)
- B. DSSS (802.11-Prime)
- C. VHT (802.11ac)
- D. HT (802.11n)
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The HT (802.11n) physical layer (PHY) specification includes support for and compatibility with both ERP and HR/DSSS. ERP stands for Extended Rate PHY, which is an extension of the original DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) PHY that supports data rates up to 54 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band. HR/DSSS stands for High Rate/Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum, which is another extension of DSSS that supports data rates up to 11 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band. HT stands for High Throughput, which is a new PHY that supports data rates up to 600 Mbps in both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. HT uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) as its modulation scheme, but it also supports legacy DSSS and ERP devices by using a dual preamble and header structure that allows backward compatibility. References: , Chapter 3, page 103; , Section 3.1
NEW QUESTION # 77
Your manager asked you to locate a solution that allows for centralized monitoring of WLAN performance over time. He wants a single pane of glass for administration and monitoring of the solution. What do you recommend?
- A. Overlay WLAN monitoring solution
- B. AP-based spectrum analysis
- C. Laptop-based protocol analyzers
- D. Laptop-based spectrum analyzers
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 78
ABC Company is planning a point-to-multipoint outdoor bridge deployment with standalone (autonomous)
802.11 bridge units. 802.1X/EAP will be used for bridge authentication. A Linux-based RADIUS server will be used for authentication. What device in the bridge implementation acts as the 802.1X Authenticator?
- A. All non-root bridges
- B. The root bridge
- C. The Ethernet switch
- D. The RADIUS server
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The device in the bridge implementation that acts as the 802.1X Authenticator is the root bridge. The root bridge is the bridge that connects to the wired network and acts as the central point for all other bridges in the point-to-multipoint topology. The root bridge authenticates the non-root bridges using 802.1X/EAP and forwards their authentication requests to the RADIUS server. The non-root bridges act as the 802.1X Supplicants and use EAP methods such as EAP-TLS or EAP-PEAP to authenticate with the root bridge. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-107], page 459; [Cisco Aironet Wireless Bridges FAQ], question 29.
NEW QUESTION # 79
What factors does not influence the distance at which an RF signal can be effectively received?
- A. Free Space Path Loss
- B. Receiving station's output power
- C. Transmitting station's output power
- D. Receiving station's radio sensitivity
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 80
What terms accurately complete the following sentence?
The IEEE 802.11-2016 standard specifies mandatory support of the _______________ cipher suite for Robust Security Network Associations, and optional use of the ________________ cipher suite, which is designed for use with pre-RSNA hardware and is deprecated.
- A. TLS, SSL
- B. RC5, RC4
- C. 802.1X/EAP, WEP
- D. CCMP, TKIP
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 81
When a client station sends a broadcast probe request frame with a wildcard SSID, how do APs respond?
- A. After waiting a SIFS, all APs reply at the same time with a probe response.
- B. Each AP checks with the DHCP server to see if it can respond and then acts accordingly.
- C. Each AP responds in turn after preparing a probe response and winning contention.
- D. For each probe request frame, only one AP may reply with a probe response.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
A probe request frame is a management frame that is sent by a client station to discover available wireless networks in its vicinity. A probe request can be either unicast or broadcast, depending on whether it specifies a particular SSID (Service Set Identifier) or a wildcard SSID. A broadcast probe request with a wildcard SSID is used to solicit responses from all APs within range, regardless of their SSIDs. Each AP that receives a broadcast probe request prepares a probe response frame that contains information about its network, such as SSID, supported rates, channel, security, etc. However, before sending the probe response, each AP must contend for the medium using the CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) protocol, which is the basic access method for 802.11 WLANs. This means that each AP must sense the channel for a DIFS (Distributed Interframe Space) interval, which is longer than a SIFS interval, and then generate a random backoff time before transmitting. This reduces the probability of collisions and ensures fair access to the medium among multiple APs. Therefore, each AP responds in turn after preparing a probe response and winning contention . References: [CWNA-109 Study Guide], Chapter 5: IEEE 802.11 Medium Access, page 215; [CWNA-108 Study Guide], Chapter 5: IEEE 802.11 Medium Access, page 209;
[CWNA-109 Study Guide], Chapter 6: Wireless LAN Devices and Topologies, page 255.
NEW QUESTION # 82
You are troubleshooting a controller-based AP that is unable to locate the controller. DHCP is not use and the controller is located at 10.10.10.81/24 while the AP is on the 10.10.16.0/24 network. What should be inspected to verify proper configuration?
- A. DNS
- B. AP hosts file
- C. BOOTH
- D. NTP
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
What should be inspected to verify proper configuration is DNS. DNS stands for Domain Name System and is a service that resolves hostnames to IP addresses. In a controller-based AP deployment, DNS can be used to help the AP locate the controller by using a predefined hostname such as CISCO-CAPWAP-CONTROLLER or aruba-master. The AP sends a DNS query for this hostname and receives an IP address of the controller as a response. Therefore, if DNS is not configured properly or if there is no DNS entry for the controller hostname, the AP may not be able to locate the controller. NTP, BOOTP, and AP hosts file are not relevant for this scenario. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-107], page 374; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-106], page 364.
NEW QUESTION # 83
Which one of the following channels can be used for VHT transmissions according to the 802.11 specification?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The channel that can be used for VHT transmissions according to the 802.11 specification is channel 144.
VHT stands for Very High Throughput and is the PHY layer specification for 802.11ac devices. VHT transmissions can use channel bandwidths of 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz in the 5 GHz band.
Channel 144 is one of the channels in the 5 GHz band that can support VHT transmissions with any of these bandwidths. Channel 6, channel 1, and channel 11 are channels in the 2.4 GHz band that cannot support VHT transmissions, as they are only compatible with legacy (802.11b/g/n), HT (802.11n), or ERP (802.11g) transmissions with up to 20 MHz bandwidth. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-107], page 214; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-106], page 204.
NEW QUESTION # 84
What ID is typically mapped to an AP's MAC address if a single BSS is implemented?
- A. SSID
- B. Device ID
- C. BSSID
- D. VLAN ID
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The BSSID (Basic Service Set Identifier) is typically mapped to an AP's MAC address if a single BSS is implemented. The BSSID is a unique identifier that distinguishes one BSS from another within the same RF medium. It is usually derived from the MAC address of the AP's radio interface, but it can also be manually configured or randomly generated by some vendors. The BSSID is used by client stations to associate with an AP and to send and receive frames within a BSS. References: , Chapter 1, page 24; , Section 1.2
NEW QUESTION # 85
You must plan for POE in an office environment. Which one of these devices is least likely to be a POE PSE?
- A. Midspan multi-port injector
- B. Midspan injector
- C. Switch
- D. VolP Phone
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
A VoIP phone is least likely to be a POE PSE of the devices listed. POE stands for Power over Ethernet, which is a technology that allows devices to receive both power and data over a single Ethernet cable. A POE PSE stands for Power Sourcing Equipment, which is a device that provides power to other devices over Ethernet. A POE PD stands for Powered Device, which is a device that receives power from a PSE over Ethernet. A midspan multi-port injector, a switch, and a midspan injector are examples of POE PSEs, as they can supply power to multiple devices over Ethernet cables. A VoIP phone is an example of a POE PD, as it can receive power from a PSE over an Ethernet cable. However, some VoIP phones can also act as POE PSEs for other devices, such as IP cameras or wireless access points, but this is not very common. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 8: Wireless LAN Access Points, page 2411
NEW QUESTION # 86
The center frequency of channel 1 in the 2.4 GHz band is 2.412 GHz (2412 MHz). What is the center frequency of channel 4?
- A. 2.417
- B. 2.422
- C. 2.427
- D. 2.413
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 87
You recently purchased four laptops containing dual-band 802.11ac adapters. The laptops can connect to your
2.4 GHz network, but they cannot connect to the 5 GHz network. The laptops do not show the 5 GHz SSIds, which are different than the 2.4 GHz SSIDs. Existing devices can connect to the 5 GHz SSIDs with no difficulty. What is the likely problem?
- A. Faulty drivers
- B. Interference from non-Wi-Fi sources
- C. DoS attack
- D. Interference from other WLANs
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The likely problem that causes this scenario is faulty drivers. Drivers are software components that enable the communication between the operating system and the hardware devices, such as the wireless adapters. Faulty drivers can cause various issues with the wireless connectivity, such as not detecting or connecting to certain networks, dropping connections, or reducing performance. Faulty drivers can be caused by corrupted files, outdated versions, incompatible settings, or hardware defects. To fix faulty drivers, you can try to update, reinstall, or roll back the drivers, or contact the manufacturer for support. Interference from non-Wi-Fi sources, DoS attack, or interference from other WLANs are not likely to cause this scenario, as they would affect all devices in the same area, not just the new laptops. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-107], page 562; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-106], page 532.
NEW QUESTION # 88
During a post-implementation survey, you have detected a non-802.11 wireless device transmitting in the area used by handheld 802.11g scanners. What is the most important factor in determining the impact of this non-802.11 device?
- A. Protocols utilized
- B. Channel occupied
- C. Airtime utilization
- D. Receive sensitivity
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
NEW QUESTION # 89
Lynne runs a small hotel, and as a value added service for her customers she has implemented a Wi-Fi hot-spot. Lynne has read news articles about how hackers wait at hot- spots trying to take advantage of unsuspecting users. She wants to avoid this problem at her hotel.
What is an efficient and practical step that Lynne can take to decrease the likelihood of active attacks on her customers' wireless computers?
- A. Implement an SSL VPN in the WLAN controller that initiates after HTTPS login.
- B. Require EAP-FAST authentication and provide customers with a username/password on their receipt.
- C. Enable station-to-station traffic blocking by the access points in the hotel.
- D. Implement Network Access Control (NAC) and require antivirus and firewall software along with OS patches.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 90
What term describes the effect of increasing the intensity of an RF wave with an antenna by focusing the energy in a specific direction?
- A. Beam Compression
- B. Distributed Radiation
- C. Active Amplification
- D. RF Flooding
- E. Passive Gain
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION # 91
A non-802.11 device is suspected of causing interference on the WLAN. You are not certain of the location or type of device. What is the best solution for locating this non-802.11 device?
- A. Access point spectrum analyzer
- B. Laptop-based protocol analyzer with an omni-directional antenna
- C. Laptop-based spectrum analyzer with a directional antenna
- D. Laptop-based spectrum analyzer with an omni-directional antenna
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 92
An 802.11 WLAN transmitter that emits a 50 mW signal is connected to a cable with 3 dB of loss. The cable is connected to an antenna with 16 dBi of gain. What is the power level at the Intentional Radiator?
- A. 250 mW
- B. 500 mW
- C. 25 mW
- D. 1000 mW
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The power level at the Intentional Radiator (IR) is 250 mW. The IR is the point where the RF signal leaves the transmitter and enters the antenna system. To calculate the power level at the IR, we need to consider the output power level of the transmitter, the loss of the cable, and the gain of the antenna. The formula is:
Power level at IR (dBm) = Output power level (dBm) - Cable loss (dB) + Antenna gain (dBi) We can convert the output power level of 50 mW to dBm by using the formula:
Power level (dBm) = 10 * log10(Power level (mW))
Therefore, 50 mW = 10 * log10(50) = 16.99 dBm
We can plug in the values into the formula:
Power level at IR (dBm) = 16.99 - 3 + 16 = 29.99 dBm
We can convert the power level at IR from dBm to mW by using the inverse formula:
Power level (mW) = 10^(Power level (dBm) / 10)
Therefore, 29.99 dBm = 10^(29.99 / 10) = 999.96 mW
However, since we need to round off the answer to the nearest integer value, we get:
Power level at IR (mW) = 1000 mW
References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-107], page 67; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-106], page
57.
NEW QUESTION # 93
......
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